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By products of “plastics” can be fermented by our gut, study finds

Jun

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The intake of compounds such as nanoparticles impacts our gut microbiota balance, changing gut composition everyday which in turn, influences our physiological process. A recent study shows that our gut microbiota is able to break down carbon nanomaterials into organic metabolites, according to a May 19 2023 Phys.org report. What is the result of this fermentation process? The short answer is “short chain fatty acids” (SCFAs).

Prof. Chen Chunying from the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) showed that gut microbiota can ferment carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) as carbon sources into SCFAs.

Specifically, researchers found in mice studies a “variety of microbial enzymes, including hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase and butyrate kinase” which were involved in fermenting CNMs into butyrate.

It is a serendipitous discovery, given that gut microbes can ferment synthetics previously perceived as potentially harmful into something potentially useful to our bodies. However, a Cambridge report based on a number of European studies cautions that “effects on NPs agglomeration and aggregation are still unknown”.

https://phys.org/news/2023-05-reveals-gut-microbiota-ferment-carbon.pdf

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/gut-microbiome/article/intake-of-nanoparticles-and-impact-on-gut-microbiota-in-vitro-and-animal-models-available-for-testing/BAECA0F1AA93D5806648F06A2254B183#

gut microbiome drives neutrophil count

Jun

Hokkaido University’s Faculty of Medicine have shown how our gut microbiome drives a process known as granulopoiesis that replenishes neutrophil counts. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that helps the body fight infection. They tested changes in the blood of mice following treatments such as hematopoietic, stem cell transplants (SCT) or chemotherapy, according to Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News (November 22, 2022 issue). The mechanism was found to depend on T cell production of IL-17. Low neutrophil counts in the blood or neutropenia happens in leukemia patients, stem cell transplantation or following chemotherapy.

Research was led by Hokkaido University’s Associate Professor Daigo Hashimoto, PhD, and Professor Takanori Teshima, PhD. The potential clinically relevance of this finding can lead to “rapid recovery of neutrophils after SCT and chemotherapy”, says Dr. Hashimoto in Genentech News.

https://www.genengnews.com/news/gut-microbiome-drives-production-of-neutrophils-after-prolonged-chemotherapy/

preventing pre-cancerous polyps from forming

Jun

A new study published in Cell Host & Microb by Massachusetts General Brigham has linked certain types of gut bacteria to the development of precancerous colon polyps, as stated by a May 31 2023 Medical Express report.

The new study shows we “have an opportunity to intervene and prevent colorectal cancer from forming.” said co-corresponding author Daniel C. Chung, MD, medical co-director of the Center for Cancer Risk Assessment at the Mass General Cancer Center and a faculty member of the Gastroenterology Division. Colorectal cancer is America’s second leading cause of cancer-related deaths.

Medical Express adds that risk factors for colorectal cancer and polyps influences the bacteria that live in our intestines through lifestyle factors like being overweight or obese, low physical activity levels, a diet high in red and processed meats, smoking, and alcohol use.

The researchers took data from 1,200 people getting routine screening colonoscopies and gathering information about their lifestyle habits, as well as stool samples.

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-05-gut-microbiome-linked-precancerous-colon.amp

Current methods for detecting gut microbes are flawed

Jun

Microbiome research has become one of the largest and fastest growing areas of research. But that research may have flaws. A study brought to light by SciTech Daily shows major flaws in common techniques used to identify microbial communities.

The experiment led by Belén Serrano-Antón, Francisco Rodríguez-Ventura, Pere Colomer-Vidal, Riccardo Aiese Cigliano, Clemente F. Arias and Federica Bertocchini (8 February 2023, PLOS ONE) of DNA analyses using computer simulations of “real life” communities have little resemblance to the actual composition of bacterial communities, according to the March 15 2023 SciTech Daily report. In fact, researchers found a large number of the species are not even present in the community.

Researchers recommend increased efforts to collect genome information from microbes to aid in accuracy of their research.

https://scitechdaily.com/beware-of-the-microbial-mirage-current-microbiome-analyses-may-mislead-scientists-with-false-species-detection/

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0280391

antibiotic resistance grows in high use areas

Jun

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Earlham Institute and Quadram Institute in the UK in conjunction with a team of scientists suggests that any and all of the bacteria and other microorganisms in and on human bodies can be antibiotic resistant.

“A population with a heavy burden of antibiotic consumption, that leads to more resistance genes in their microbiome,” says microbial ecologist Chris Quince, Earlham Institute and Quadram Institute.

Their research found median total ARG (anti-microbial resistance genes) abundance and diversity varied based on the level of antibiotic consumption in that country. A higher number of antibiotic resistance genes of gut microbiome exists in countries where antibiotics were used more regularly.

https://www.sciencealert.com/antibiotic-resistance-can-emerge-in-your-gut-even-without-antibiotics-use

introduction

By HerbSprout.com

https://herbsprout.home.blog/ HERBSPROUT ADVISORY BOARD: ___________________________

●Jenny Pandol, Co-owner/founder/ COO, Microbiome Learning Center;
●Dr. Sabine Hazan, Founder and CEO, Progenabiome and Ventura Clinical Trials;
●Naveen Jain, Founder & CEO, Viome
●Hans Parge, ex-Pfizer director;
●Rob Greenlee, VP, Libsyn;
___________________________

●Cindy Postma, essential oils;
●Chris Kenji Beer, herbs & microbiome;
●Ely Diana, translation/ support services.
___________________________

Cindy Postma has been a writer and editor across all disciplines. She has been an instructor of Asian studies at Kings College (Cambridge), Columbia, and Cornell. She received her PhD from Kyoto University, Masters from Columbia University, and undergraduate from The University of Washington. She is proficient in four Asian languages and French. ____________________________

I am Chris Kenji Beer, Herbsprout writer and editor. I come from a family of health nuts. My mom was a psyche major and shared her Japanese culinary tradition. Uncle Tetsuo was and cousin Satoru Harada is a surgeon. Aunt Shigeko was a dietitian in Hiroshima before complications from the nuclear fallout took her life. I am currently enrolled at Bastyr University's Ayurvedic Health Advisor program. In the past, I spent many years researching health care. I was published on the topic "Japanese Health Care for the Elderly" by the U.S. - Japan Foundation, and as co-author of health care reports for National Conference of State Legislatures Health Services Program, NW Asian Weekly, & as Editor/ co-Publisher of Asia Pacific Economic Review. Email us with questions or comments @ sales@mzinger.com. ____________________________

The contents of this webblog is not intended to be used to treat, cure, mitigate, or diagnose any medical condition. The readers must consult your doctor before you make any changes that could affect your health.

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