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Research at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York suggests that the microbiome may go even further than improving our immune system and lowering risk of chronic diseases — by “turning bile acids into immune-boosting compounds that help the body fight cancer”, according to an April 17 2025 report in Discover magazine and Cell.
 
Said researcher Chun-Jun Guo, he and his team found that gut bacteria can transform bile acids, more than fifty different bile acid molecules modified by the microbiota. Among the 56 bile acids his team discovered and altered, they found four bile acid molecules that interact with sex hormones like androgen to regulate many aspects of human development.
 
Previous studies have shown that blocking these receptors can enhance the ability of these immune cells to fight tumors. The teams’ mice studies have proven this to be the case, enhancing T-cell responses within tumors and killing cancer cells.

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1080622
 
https://www.discovermagazine.com/health/the-gut-microbiome-could-help-our-bodies-fight-cancer
 
 

Methane-producing archaea, or methanogens produce methane from hydrogen and CO₂ for example, and contribute to the microbial metabolic processes as well as in the human gut, according to Christine Moissl-Eichinger, Professor of Interactive Microbiome Research at Medical University of Graz, reported in an April 17 2025 issue of Phys.org. 

 
Archaea were originally discovered above all in extreme environments such as hot springs or salt lakes, but they are also found in the human body, especially in the gut.

 

Dr. Moissl-Eichinger believes that archaea may play a significant role in the development or progression of certain disease. She and her team’s discovery shows archaea thriving under strictly anaerobic conditions, producing methane, and surprisingly large amounts of succinic acid, a metabolic product that is associated with inflammatory processes in the human body.

 

 

 

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New research combines artificial intelligence (AI), genetics, and multi-omics analyses to explore how metabolites produced by gut bacteria might influence Alzheimer’s disease (AD), according to a May 28 2024 Cell Report and PsyPost.

There is a noticeable change in the gut microbiome of AD patients. AD is marked by the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain, which interfere with neural function and lead to cell death, according to the PsyPost report.

 

The study, conducted by Feixiong Cheng and his team from the Cleveland Clinic Genome Center, the Luo Ruvo Center for Brain Health, and the Center for Microbiome and Human Health, demonstrate a systems biology framework to uncover the GPCR (G-protein-coupled receptors) targets of human gut microbiota in AD and other complex diseases.

 

Gut metabolites are the key to many physiological processes in our bodies, and for every key there is a lock for human health and disease, says Cheng. Cheng and his team decided to map out the interactions between these metabolites and the human receptors they affect using Ai. They successfully predicted the interactions between over a million metabolite-receptor pairs, refining our understanding of the gut-brain axis.