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Sugar diets are not healthy especially for IBD patients; 砂糖食は特に炎症性腸疾患IBDの患者にとっては健康的ではありません

Nov

7

On October 28 2020 Inverse reported the impact of sugar consumption in mice led by co-author, Hasan Zaki, a researcher at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. He and his team studied the effects of different types of sugars on gut microbiome by testing inflammatory responses on gut microbiota in mice.

They tested the impact of glucose, sucrose, and fructose on inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The mice were fed high levels of these sugars for one to five weeks.

Mice that were given these high sugar diets suffered from aggressive colon inflammation with severe diarrhea and a rapid loss of nearly 20 percent of their body weight. The sugar was fed to a particular gut bacteria called Akkermansia muciniphila, known to degrade mucus in the gut lining.

Researchers also transferred the gut microbiota of sugar-fed mice into healthy mice. The result also exacerbated healthy mice, who received the gut microbiota transferred from the sugar fed mice.

JAPANESE:
2020年10月28日、共著者に指導でテキサス大学南西医療センターの研究者のHasan Zakiがマウスの砂糖消費の影響について報告しました。
彼が自分のチームと共に、マウスの腸内細菌叢に対する炎症反応をテストすることにより、腸内細菌叢に対するさまざまな種類の糖の影響を研究しました。

彼らは、クローン病や潰瘍性大腸炎などの炎症性腸疾患（IBD）に対するグルコース、ショ糖、果糖の影響をテストしました。マウスに糖を高レベルで1〜5週間与えました。

高糖食を与えられたマウスは、重度の下痢を伴う攻撃的な結腸の炎症と体重のほぼ20パーセントの急速な減少でした。砂糖は、粘液を腸のライニングに劣化することで知られているアッカーマンシア・ムシニフィラと呼ばれる特定の腸内細菌に給餌されました。

研究者はまた、砂糖を与えられたマウスの腸内細菌叢を健康なマウスに移しました。結果はまた、砂糖を与えられたマウスから移された腸内細菌叢を受け取った健康なマウスを悪化させました。

https://www.inverse.com/mind-body/how-does-sugar-influence-the-microbiome/amp

See the following articles on IBD for additional information:

https://en.bloguru.com/healthtech/382125/changing-dynamics-of-gut-microbiome-in

https://en.bloguru.com/healthtech/362224/diet-and-mindfulness-therapy-can-help

#IBD #ai #bacteria #cardiovasculardisease #datascience #gutmicrobiome #health #healthinnovation #healthtech #obesity #wellness

2 short chain fatty acids in the gut tied to breast cancer treatment efficacy

Sep

26

October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month; source: depositphotos.com

Just as we have reported last week about how the presence of butyrate supports a healthy gut, on the other hand, it can be detrimental to breast cancer chemotherapy. According to a September 17 2020 report in the American Journal of Managed Care (AJMC), 2 short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), propionate and butyrate, have been identified as tied to the efficacy of breast cancer chemotherapy (1). The study was conducted in Scotland led by Kirsty Ross, MBChB, MSc, a specialist registrar in medical oncology at the Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom. The Beatson West Cancer Centre studied 21 patients with early-stage breast cancer.

The SCFAs were shown to be lower in the gut bacteria of patients achieving pathological complete response (pCR) compared with those not achieving pCR after surgery. According to Ross and her colleagues, they "dampen down the immune system’s ability to target cancer cells", as quoted in the AJMC article (1).

This points back to the fact that when it comes to personal health, it is very personal, and what is healthy for one person is not necessarily healthy for another person. As Herbsprout article quoted Viome CEO Naveen Jain, "one man's food is another man's poison." (2)

1. https://www.ajmc.com/view/gut-microbiota-may-influence-pcr-in-early-stage-breast-cancer

2. https://en.bloguru.com/healthtech/373232/one-mans-food-is-another-mans-poison

#ai #bacteria #breastcancer #cancer #cardiovasculardisease #datascience #gutmicrobiome #health #healthinnovation #healthtech #obesity

The health benefits of butter

Sep

19

One common misconception is that butter is not healthy for you because it is fattening. It is true. It is fattening, but in a good way; it contains good fat. Butter is a good source of healthy fat, omega-3 fatty acids, particularly unsaturated, organic butter. It is the best, richest dietary source of a short chain fatty acid (SCFA) called butyrate.

The microbiome in our gut are known to metabolize acetate, propionate, and butyrate (at 60%, 25%, and 15% respectively), according to Dr. Deanna Minich (1). Butyrate is rich source of energy for the cells in our gut.

Butyrate is the energy source for cells that line the wall of our gut and helps prevent diarrhea and other digestive health issues. Beyond that, it plays a key role as an anti-inflammatory, gene regulation, and maintaining a balanced immune system.

In addition to butyrate, Butter is an excellent source of vitamin A, Vitamin E, and another fat called conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which is also known to be an anti-inflammatory and provide immune support (2).

1. https://www.deannaminich.com/the-benefits-of-butter-a-rich-source-of-butyrate/

2. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/is-butter-bad-for-you#cla

#ai #bacteria #cardiovasculardisease #datascience #gutmicrobiome #health #healthinnovation #healthtech #obesity

Evidence of lactate producing gut bacteria as a key memory-boosting molecule

Jul

21

Calcium lactate crystals on the surface of cheese. Source: dreamtime.com

An April 29 2020 article published by the Department of Energy Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and it's counterpart at Berkeley Lab found new evidence of tangible links between the gut and the brain. The team found that lactate, a molecule produced by all species of one gut microbe, as a key memory-boosting molecular messenger.

Said Janice Jansson, a microbial ecologist at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, “our study shows that the microbiome might partner with genetics to affect memory.” Researchers discovered that the Lactobacillus and L. reuteri strains were linked to improved memory, as well as two additional strains of Lactobacilli. The team fed lactate (produced by Lactobacillus) to mice that had poor memory and noticed that their memory improved. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a molecular messenger linked to memory formation in their brains. This is another step foreward and a factor in the gut-brain axis, though not yet complete, admits Jansson.

https://www.pnnl.gov/news-media/scientists-explore-links-between-genetics-gut-microbiome-and-memory

https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2020/04/29/genetics-microbiome-memory/

#ai #bacteria #cardiovasculardisease #datascience #gutmicrobiome #health #healthinnovation #healthtech #obesity

Recommended Salt intake positively influences gut microbiome

Jun

24

source: pixabay.com

According to a June 09 2020 study of 145 patients with untreated hypertension, "daily sodium intake close to the 2,300 milligrams recommended by groups like the American Heart Association, resulted in increased levels of short-chain fatty acids, an indicator of a healthy microbiome, circulating in the blood". The study was conducted by the Augusta University Medical College of Georgia led by molecular geneticist Dr. Haidong Zhu.

Short-chain fatty acids, or SCFAs, are known to play a key role in regulating your blood pressure. Dr. Zhu claims it is the first ever human study to look at how "decreasing salt intake in humans affects circulating short-chain fatty acids." However, Zhu found that the study's results were more conclusive for women than men. The article quotes Dr. Zhu saying, "We need to study it further. . . It may be that high-salt affects blood pressure through different pathways in males and females."

The study was reported by the American Association for the Advancement of Science, https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-06/mcog-hdi060920.php .

#ai #bacteria #cardiovasculardisease #datascience #gutmicrobiome #health #healthinnovation #healthtech #obesity #salt #sodium

"One man's food is another man's poison"

Jun

20

Naveen Jain, CEO, Viome.

What if? What if our current understanding of microbiomes is not ‘what if’, but ‘what is’? Because today, our understanding of healthcare has gone full circle to the conclusion that “there is no such thing as a universal healthy diet.” There is no universal healthcare solution, since every person is different down to the molecular level. Naveen Jain, CEO of Viome adds, “a diet that’s good for you, is not good for me. A diet that's good for me now won't be good for me three months from now because our microbiomes are constantly changing,” he says. “Our microbiomes to some extent controls our brain through the way they are constantly communicating with it back and forth. In fact, these bugs in our gut are like a puppet master. They tell our brain when we are hungry, they tell us what we crave. So when you crave chocolate, don't blame your brain, blame your microbiomes.”

“The interesting thing is they communicate with the micro RNA in your brain in the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. That means they (contribute to) controlling our emotional behavior and they (contribute to) controlling our decision making. They in fact modify the genetic expression of our human genes. That means it's not even what our DNA tells us. Our DNA is simply a potential of what could happen. Our genetic expression tells you actually what is happening and these guys (microbiomes) control what is actually being expressed.”

“It's really to some extent what Hypocrates stated, ‘all diseases start in the gut.’ That was two thousand years ago. ‘One man's food is another man's poison. And that is true today.’ So when your mother says to you ‘listen to your gut; do your gut check.’ That is the best science advice you can get. She knows what she is talking about.”

Referring to Viome’s transcriptome testing technology, “The technology is able to look at every single thing that's happening in the body. What genes are being expressed by your mitochondria; What genes are being expressed by your blood; What genes are being expressed by your microbiome; And it looks at all of that with artificial intelligence and tells you exactly what food to eat and what food to avoid.”

From a small stool sample, Viome is able to do this. It is able to perform a complete sequencing and identify the strain and genetics expression of a person’s entire microbiome content. This includes all the person’s bacteria, viruses, bacteriophages, archaea, fungi, yeast, and parasites, and the range of chemicals, or metabolites they create. The metabolites these microbiomes create are important to one’s health because they can produce healthy B vitamins, for example, or they can produce cancer causing agents. No other company can claim this breadth of data.

To find out more information, visit http://Viome.com .

#ai #bacteria #cardiovasculardisease #datascience #gutmicrobiome #health #healthinnovation #healthtech #obesity

Gut microbiome discovery bring new meaning to "follow your nose"

Jun

13

A May 31 2020 study by University of Antwerp, Belgium reported hy Science Alert brings new meaning to the Fruit Loops Toucan famous saying, "follow your nose, it always knows."

University of Antwerp microbiologist Sarah Lebeer and her team analysed nose bacteria from 100 healthy volunteers and 225 people with chronic rhinosinusitis, a condition of swelling and pain in the nasal passages. They found that lactobacilli, particularly Lacticaseibacillus, were abundant up to 10x more in healthy participants.

See article here, https://www.sciencealert.com/your-nose-bacteria-might-play-a-role-in-good-health-just-like-the-gut-microbiome/amp .

#ai #bacteria #cardiovasculardisease #datascience #gutmicrobiome #health #healthinnovation #healthtech

Ketogenic diet affects your health by changing gut microbiome

Jun

3

It is believed that the ketogenic diet lowers inflammation in our bodies, may treat autoimmune disorders, and promotes weight loss and heart health, according to a May 20 2020 article by Medical Express. The goal of ketogenic diet is to reach a state of ketosis where a lower carb intake leads the body to break down stored fat for energy.

Based on studies of both humans and mice, ketogenic diets dramatically reduced the common probiotic Bifidobacteria. However, the studies also found that the ketogenic diet reduces the gut microbial content of phyla Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, and 19 different bacterial genera. The studies were led by Peter Turnbaugh, Ph.D., a University of California San Francisco associate professor of microbiology and immunology, and a member of the UCSF Benioff Center for Microbiome Medicine.

With the lower level of carb intake, based on studies of mice, a ketogenic diet may lead to some of the effects of ketosis quite quickly. Ketosis is not necessarily good for you as acidic byproducts can build up in our bodies called ketoacidosis.

See Medical Express article here, https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-05-ketogenic-diets-gut-microbiome-humans.amp . The article was first reported in the Cell, https://www.cell.com/cell/pdf/S0092-8674(20)30490-6.pdf

#ai #bacteria #cardiovasculardisease #datascience #gutmicrobiome #health #healthinnovation #healthtech #ketogenicdiet #obesity

Connection found between anti-obesity statin drugs & gut Bacteroides 2

May

27

According to a May 06 2020 Nature article, statin drugs, a common medication for lowering cholesterol, also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are a class of lipid-lowering medications that lower risk of cardiovascular disease. They are the most common cholesterol-lowering drugs, able to reduce illness and mortality, according to Wikipedia.

The study referenced in the Nature article analyses human faecal samples, and classifies them into one of four groups called enterotypes, depending on the abundance of particular microbial species. These groupings are termed Bacteroides 1 (Bact1), Bacteroides 2 (Bact2), Ruminococcaceae (Rum) and Prevotella (Prev). Bacteroides 2 are associated with inflammation, and more Bacteroides bacteria than Faecalibacterium microbes.

The authors unexpectedly discovered that there were significantly fewer of the Bact2 enterotype than expected in obese individuals who were taking cholesterol-lowering drugs called statins. The authors found a connection between these gut microbes and the statin drugs, but further research is needed to determine the nature of that connection. According to the article, "molecules such as trimethylamine oxide, which are made by gut bacteria, might accelerate atherosclerosis, and their presence is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including death."

And study in the European Union called the MetaCardis project (http://www.metacardis.net) including nearly 900 participants whose data they analysed, also found a higher prevalence of the Bact2 enterotype with a higher body-mass index and obesity.

See article, https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01281-0 .

#ai #bacteria #cardiovasculardisease #datascience #gutmicrobiome #health #healthinnovation #healthtech #obesity

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Sugar diets are not healthy especially for IBD patients; 砂糖食は特に炎症性腸疾患IBDの患者にとっては健康的ではありません

2 short chain fatty acids in the gut tied to breast cancer treatment efficacy

The health benefits of butter

Evidence of lactate producing gut bacteria as a key memory-boosting molecule

Recommended Salt intake positively influences gut microbiome

"One man's food is another man's poison"

Gut microbiome discovery bring new meaning to "follow your nose"

Ketogenic diet affects your health by changing gut microbiome

Connection found between anti-obesity statin drugs & gut Bacteroides 2

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